Funny. I was just thinking this same thing!!
| EnviroLink Forum http://www.envirolink.org/forum/ |
|
| CERN cloud paper http://www.envirolink.org/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=14722 |
Page 1 of 1 |
| Author: | Wayne Stollings [ Thu Aug 25, 2011 6:57 am ] |
| Post subject: | CERN cloud paper |
http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v4 ... 10343.html Role of sulphuric acid, ammonia and galactic cosmic rays in atmospheric aerosol nucleation Atmospheric aerosols exert an important influence on climate1 through their effects on stratiform cloud albedo and lifetime2 and the invigoration of convective storms3. Model calculations suggest that almost half of the global cloud condensation nuclei in the atmospheric boundary layer may originate from the nucleation of aerosols from trace condensable vapours4, although the sensitivity of the number of cloud condensation nuclei to changes of nucleation rate may be small5, 6. Despite extensive research, fundamental questions remain about the nucleation rate of sulphuric acid particles and the mechanisms responsible, including the roles of galactic cosmic rays and other chemical species such as ammonia7. Here we present the first results from the CLOUD experiment at CERN. We find that atmospherically relevant ammonia mixing ratios of 100 parts per trillion by volume, or less, increase the nucleation rate of sulphuric acid particles more than 100–1,000-fold. Time-resolved molecular measurements reveal that nucleation proceeds by a base-stabilization mechanism involving the stepwise accretion of ammonia molecules. Ions increase the nucleation rate by an additional factor of between two and more than ten at ground-level galactic-cosmic-ray intensities, provided that the nucleation rate lies below the limiting ion-pair production rate. We find that ion-induced binary nucleation of H2SO4–H2O can occur in the mid-troposphere but is negligible in the boundary layer. However, even with the large enhancements in rate due to ammonia and ions, atmospheric concentrations of ammonia and sulphuric acid are insufficient to account for observed boundary-layer nucleation. |
|
| Author: | Iowanic [ Thu Aug 25, 2011 8:45 am ] |
| Post subject: | Re: CERN cloud paper |
Funny. I was just thinking this same thing!!
|
|
| Author: | Wayne Stollings [ Thu Aug 25, 2011 6:26 pm ] |
| Post subject: | Re: CERN cloud paper |
Ypu mean like this? We find that ion-induced binary nucleation of H2SO4–H2O can occur in the mid-troposphere but is negligible in the boundary layer. However, even with the large enhancements in rate due to ammonia and ions, atmospheric concentrations of ammonia and sulphuric acid are insufficient to account for observed boundary-layer nucleation. |
|
| Author: | Wayne Stollings [ Thu Aug 25, 2011 6:32 pm ] |
| Post subject: | Re: CERN cloud paper |
Or in other words: http://www.realclimate.org/index.php/ar ... teresting/ However, the most intriguing result is that despite going to a lot of trouble to make sure the chamber was ultra-free of contaminants, the researchers found that within most of the aerosols that formed, there were traces of organic nitrogen compounds that must have been present in almost undetectably low concentrations. The other intriguing finding is that aerosol nucleation rates in the chamber don’t match (by a an order of magnitude or more) actual formation rates seen in real world near-surface atmospheric layers at realistic temperatures (only in unrealistically cold conditions do rates come close). The authors speculate (quite convincingly) that this is precisely because they didn’t have enough volatile organic compounds (which are ubiquitous in the real world) to help get the nucleation started. This result will surely inspire some of their next experiments. All-in-all this is a treasure trove of results (and potential future results) for people tasked with trying to model or understand aerosol processes in the atmosphere. |
|
| Author: | Iowanic [ Thu Aug 25, 2011 6:56 pm ] |
| Post subject: | Re: CERN cloud paper |
Dang. I've got lint between my toes again... |
|
| Page 1 of 1 | All times are UTC - 5 hours [ DST ] |
| Powered by phpBB® Forum Software © phpBB Group http://www.phpbb.com/ |
|